The Second International Conference on Smart Systems, Devices and Technologies SMART 2013 June 23 - 28, 2013 - Rome, Italy

Tutorials

Cognitive Radio for Green Communications and Networking

Authors:
Prof. Dr. Jacques Palicot, SUPELEC/IETR, France
Prof. D. Honggang Zhang, Université Européenne de Bretagne and SUPELEC/IETR                        
Speaker:
Prof. Dr. Jacques Palicot, SUPELEC/IETR, France

Description

Green Cognitive Radio (GCR) is a Cognitive Radio (CR) with intelligence-enhanced functionalities, which is aware of sustainable development (SD) for energy efficiency and takes it as an additional crucial constraint in the decision making process of the holistic cognitive cycle. The Brundtland Commission of the United Nations (UN) defined SD as the development that "meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs". From then, several United Nations’ Conferences (from Rio de Janeiro- 1992 to Durban-2011) have confirmed this important issue. One of the most obvious aspects and challenges of SD is the earth climate change and the ever-growing CO2 emission. Currently, 3% of the world-wide energy is consumed by the ICT (Information and Communications Technology) infrastructure, which causes about 2 % of the world-wide CO2 emissions and surprisingly is comparable to the world-wide CO2 emissions by all commercial airplanes. These values of carbon footprint are extreme impressive. They have been confirmed by a lot of scientific studies and reported in many relevant international conferences and workshops. Generally, Green Radio is closely related to reducing energy consumption, but Green Radio could also be envisaged in a more widespread sense, such as to optimize spectrum usage (Green spectrum), to decrease spectrum pollution (which may have great consequences for astronomic observations), to reduce electromagnetic radiation/interference levels in order to enable harmonized coexistence of multiple wireless communications systems (i.e., less interference) as well as a reduced human exposure to harmful radiations, to recycle and reuse ICT equipment, and in many other related contexts. The radio spectrum is also considered as a natural and public resource, which should be carefully used, shared world-widely and economized efficiently. Therefore, in our point of view, what is classically meant for Green Communications should be fundamentally extended and even reformed. Recently, we have claimed in that Cognitive Radio is a paradigm–shift enabling technology for realizing Green Radio. Basically, we proposed an intelligent solution based on CR approach, keeping in mind the following key objective: "We would like to decrease the electromagnetic level by sending the right signal in the right direction with the right power, only when it is necessary, for achieving the same QoS by taking advantage of advanced intelligence". This is the essential concept of Useful Radio Waves.